L'année 2009 s'achève en beauté, avec deux grandes avancées vaccinales (une concernant la recherche d'un vaccin contre le HIV, l'autre  appliquée au SARM) dont voici les annonces.

Désolé, mais pour des problème de sécurité de traduction ici par trop technique, je reproduis volontairement ces éléments en anglais tels qu'ils ont été publiés. J'associe seulement un titre-résumé en français à chacun des deux articles.

HIV --- Une équipe américaine de la Thomas Jefferson University de Philadelphie a mis en évidence qu'un vaccin anti-rabique protège le singe contre la forme simiesque du virus du HIV, le SIV, très proche de la forme humaine, ouvrant ainsi des portes de recherche et de développement d'un hypothétique vaccin contre le HIV humain:

HealthDay News
Updated: 8:50 a.m. Saturday, Dec. 19, 2009

A rabies-based vaccine protects monkeys against SIV, the simian equivalent of HIV, a finding that may help in efforts to develop an AIDS vaccine, say U.S. researchers.

The team from Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia used highly attenuated rabies virus vaccine vectors to protect monkeys against a type of SIV virus that causes a disease similar to AIDS in humans. Two vaccine strategies were used: a recombinant rabies virus expressing SIVmac239GagPol or a combination of that and a rabies virus expressing SIVmac238ENV.

Both strategies triggered production of neutralizing antibodies, CD8+ T-cell responses, and increased protection.

The researchers said they were surprised rabies-based vaccinations produced such strong anti-SIV responses in the monkeys.

"Although we can't yet block the infection, we showed that we can protect against disease. We also saw significant antibody activity against the virus, which is promising. In addition, this is a very simple approach that only took two immunizations," study leader Matthias J. Schnell, director of the Jefferson Vaccine Center, said in a news release.

The study is published in the current issue of the journal Vaccine. Rabies virus-based vaccines elicit neutralizing antibodies, poly-functional CD8+ T cell, and protect rhesus macaques from AIDS-like disease after SIVmac251 challenge

Vaccine, Volume 28, Issue 2, 11 December 2009, Pages 299-308 Elizabeth J. Faul, Pyone P. Aye, Amy B. Papaneri, Bapi Pahar, James P. McGettigan, Faith Schiro, Inna Chervoneva, David C. Montefiori, Andrew A. Lackner, Matthias J. Schnell

SARM --- Commercialisation prochaine d'un vaccin de la société spécialisée en biotechnologies SYNTIRON contre le SARM (dont le staphylocoque doré, potentiellement antibiorésistant, est le principal vecteur) sous licence de production et de commercialisation délivrée à SANOFI PASTEUR:

Sanofi Pasteur Commercializing MRSA Vaccine

The French vaccine maker announced a worldwide licensing agreement with the biotech company Syntiron to develop and commercialize its vaccine against staph, including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Dec 16, 2009

Sanofi Pasteur, the vaccines division of the Lyon, France-based sanofi-aventis Group, announced Wednesday it has entered into an exclusive, worldwide licensing agreement with Syntiron of St. Paul, Minn., to develop and commercialize its vaccine against staph, including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is a major cause of health care-acquired infections.

Sanofi Pasteur will support the joint, pre-clinical development of the product and be responsible for all future developments, regulatory approval, and commercialization of the vaccine. "This agreement with Syntiron is just another example of Sanofi Pasteur's interest in partnering with biotechs to produce innovative vaccines to address public health needs," Sanofi Pasteur President/CEO Wayne Pisano said in the company's news release. "Along with our development of a vaccine to prevent Clostridium difficile infection, the successful development of a vaccine to prevent MRSA would be a major achievement in combating hospital-associated infections."

Citing the Internet Journal of Infectious Diseases, the release said MRSA accounts for as much as 40 percent of nosocomial (hospital-associated) staph infections in large U.S. hospitals and 25-30 percent in smaller hospitals. In Europe, its prevalence ranges from more than 50 percent in Portugal and Italy to below 2 percent in Switzerland and the Netherlands. Prevalence in Asia is about 50 percent, with high rates in Hong Kong (75 percent) and Japan (72 percent), and prevalence in African hospitals is estimated at 15 percent, with Kenya and Nigeria having the highest prevalence of 21-30 percent.

 

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